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All terms in this list:

Planck's constant: h = 6.626 x 10^-34 J-s

Speed of light: c = 2.998 × 10^8 m/s

Engery of a single quantum: E = hc/λ or E = hν

Frequency of wavelengths: ν = c/λ

Rydberg constant: R(∞) = I/hc = 1.10 x 10^7 m^-1

Ionization potential of H atom: I = 13.59 eV

Momentum: p=mv

De Broglie wavelength: λ=h/p The same formula gives the momentum of a photon or wavelength λ.

Heisenberg's principle: Δx * Δp GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO h/4π Also known as uncertainty principle

Electron energy given orbit: E = (-hcR(∞)) x (1/n^2), where -hcR(∞) = -2.18 x 10^-18 and n = principle quantum number

ground state of atom: the lowest energy state (n = 1)

excited state of atom: any energy state higher than the ground state (n = 2, 3, ....)

Bohr equation: ΔE = hc/λ = -13.59 eV * ([1/n(f)^2] - [1/n(i)^2]); 2nd eqn. used to determine the transitions between the energy levels of the hydrogen atom as defined by their principle quantum numbers n(f) and n(i)

principle quantum number: designates the main energy level (shell); describes electron cloud size; n = 1, 2, 3, ....

azimuthal quantum number: designates the sub-level where the electrons can be found; determines shape of the orbital and angular momentum; coincides with s, p, d, f (s=0, p=1, d=2, f=3); ℓ = 0 LESS THAN ℓ LESS THAN n-1

magnetic quantum number: determines the projection of angular momentum; describes the orientation that the subshell takes; m( ℓ ) = -ℓ LESS THAN m( ℓ ) LESS THAN ℓ

spin projection quantum number: designates the spin of the electron; describes electron behavior, not the location; m(s) = -1/2 (counter-clockwise) or 1/2 (clockwise)

Angstrom: A very small unit of length, 10^-10 m, approximately the size of an atom, Å

distance: d = speed x time

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