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type of cell division where one body cell produces four gametes, each containing half the number of chromosomes as a parent's body cell
alternative forms of a gene for each variation of a trait of an organism
cell with one of each kind of chromosome; is said to contain a haploid, or n, number of chromosomes
cell with two of each kind of chromosome; is said to contain a diploid, or 2n, number of chromosomes
failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis; results in gametes with too many or too few chromosomes
haploid male sex cells produced by meiosis
from male reproductive organs to female reproductive organs of plants, usually within the same species
Mendelian principle explaining that because each plant has two different alleles, it can produce two different types of gametes. During fertilization, male and female gametes randomly pair to produce four combination of alleles
male and female sex cells; sperm and eggs
paired chromosomes with genes for the same traits arranged in the same order
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allele
alternative forms of a gene for each variation of a trait of an organism
synonyms: allelomorph.
homologous chromosome
paired chromosomes with genes for the same traits arranged in the same order
law of segregation
Mendelian principle explaining that because each plant has two different alleles, it can produce two different types of gametes. During fertilization, male and female gametes randomly pair to produce four combination of alleles
haploid
cell with one of each kind of chromosome; is said to contain a haploid, or n, number of chromosomes
meiosis
type of cell division where one body cell produces four gametes, each containing half the number of chromosomes as a parent's body cell
diploid
cell with two of each kind of chromosome; is said to contain a diploid, or 2n, number of chromosomes
nondisjunction
failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis; results in gametes with too many or too few chromosomes
