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bit
The smallest unit of data that a binary computer can recognize.
byte
Eight bits grouped together
file
A named collection of bytes that represent virtually any type of data.
system unit
system unit
circuit board
a thin board containing computer chips and other electronic components
computer chip
A very small piece of silicone or other semi conducting material that contains integrated circuits and transistors
motherboard
The main circuit board inside the system unit.
port
A connector on the exterior of the system unit case that that is used to connect an external hardware device.
central processing unit
The chip located on the motherboard of a computer that performs the processing for a computer.
multi core
A cpu that contains the processing components or cores of multiple independent processors in a single cpu.
clock speed
a measurement of the number of instructions that a cpu can process per second.
word
the amount of data that a cpu can manipulate at one time.
memory
chips located inside the system unit used to store data and instructions while its working with them.
RAM
memory used to store data and instructions while the computer is running.
register
High-speed memory built into the CPU
ROM
Nonvolatile chips on the motherboard that permanently store data or programs.
BIOS
The sequence of instructions the computer follows during the boot process.
expansion slot
A location on the motherboard into which an expansion card is inserted to connect it to the motherboard.
expansion card
A circuit board used to give desktop computers additional capabilities.
bus
An electronic path over which data travels.
Throughout
The amount of data that can be transferred via the bus in a given time period.
expansion bus
A bus on the motherboard used to connect peripheral devices.
Universal serial bus
A versatile bus architecture widely used for connecting peripherals.
FireWire
high-speed bus standard used to connect devices-particulary multimedia devices like digital video cameras-to a computer.
transistor
A device made of semiconductor material that controls the flow of electrons inside a chip.
arithmitic
The part of a CPU core that performs logical operations and integer arithmetic.
floating point unit
The part of a CPU core that performs decimal arithmetic.
cache memory
A group of very fast memory circuitry located on a close to the CPU to speed up processing.
flash memory
Non volatile memory chips that can be used for storage by the computer or the user