All terms in this list:

transistor: A device made of semiconductor material that controls the flow of electrons inside a chip.

arithmetic/logic unit (ALU): The part of a CPU core that performs logical operations and integer arithmetic.

floating point unit (FPU): The part if a CPU core that performs decimal arithmetic.

control unit: The part of a CPU core that coordinates its operations.

prefetch unit: The part id a CPU core that attempts to retrieve data and instructions before they are needed for processing in order to avoid delays.

decode unit: The part of a CPU core that translates instructions into a form that can be processed by the ALU and FPU.

bus interference unit: The section of a CPU core that allows the core to communicate with other CPU components.

system clock: A small quartz crystal located on the motherboard that synchronizes the computer's operations.