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The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane, with no expenditure of energy.
The movement of materials out of the cytoplasm of a cell by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.
(1) A specific substance (reactant) on which an enzyme acts. Each enzyme recognizes only the specific substrate or substrates of the reaction it catalyzes.
(2) A surface in or on which an organism lives.
Thermal energy, the amount of energy associated with the movement of the atoms and molecules in a body of matter. Heat is energy in its most random form.
A description of membrane structure, depicting a cellular membrane as a mosaic of diverse protein molecules embedded in a fluid bilayers of phospholipid molecules.
A nonprotein molecule or ion that is required for the proper functioning of an enzyme.
The movement of specific molecules into a cell by the inward budding of membranous vesicles, which contain proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being taken in.
The passage of a substance through a specific transport protein across a biological membrane down its concentration gradient.
The transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a molecule. Nearly all cellular work depends on ATP energizing other molecules by Phosphorylation.
The principle of conservation of energy. Energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed.
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Cofactor
A nonprotein molecule or ion that is required for the proper functioning of an enzyme.
Fluid Mosaic
A description of membrane structure, depicting a cellular membrane as a mosaic of diverse protein molecules embedded in a fluid bilayers of phospholipid molecules.
Passive Transport
The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane, with no expenditure of energy.
Exocytosis
The movement of materials out of the cytoplasm of a cell by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.
Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis
The movement of specific molecules into a cell by the inward budding of membranous vesicles, which contain proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being taken in.
Facilitated Diffusion
The passage of a substance through a specific transport protein across a biological membrane down its concentration gradient.
Substrate
(1) A specific substance (reactant) on which an enzyme acts. Each enzyme recognizes only the specific substrate or substrates of the reaction it catalyzes.
(2) A surface in or on which an organism lives.
First Law of Thermodynamics
The principle of conservation of energy. Energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed.
Heat
Thermal energy, the amount of energy associated with the movement of the atoms and molecules in a body of matter. Heat is energy in its most random form.
