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The spontaneous movement of a substance down its concentration gradient from where it is more concentrated to where it is less concentrated.
The movement of materials out of the cytoplasm of a cell by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.
An organic molecule serving as a cofactor. Most vitamins function as coenzymes in important metabolic reactions.
The change in shape of the active site of an enzyme, caused by entry of the substrate, so that it binds more snugly to the substrate.
Referring to a solution that, when surrounding a cell, has no effect on the passage of water into and out of the cell.
Thermal energy, the amount of energy associated with the movement of the atoms and molecules in a body of matter. Heat is energy in its most random form.
Referring to a solution that, when surrounding a cell, will cause the cell to take up water.
A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme without entering an active site. By binding elsewhere on the enzyme, a noncompetitive e inhibitor changes the shape of the enzyme so that the active sit no longer effectively catalyzes the conversion of s
A series of chemical reactions that either builds a complex molecule or breaks down a complex molecule into simpler compounds.
An energy-requiring chemical reaction, which yields products with more potential energy than the reactants. The amount of energy stored in the products equals the difference between the potential energy in the reactants and that in the products.
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Heat
Thermal energy, the amount of energy associated with the movement of the atoms and molecules in a body of matter. Heat is energy in its most random form.
Hypotonic
Referring to a solution that, when surrounding a cell, will cause the cell to take up water.
Coenzyme
An organic molecule serving as a cofactor. Most vitamins function as coenzymes in important metabolic reactions.
Endergonic Reactions
An energy-requiring chemical reaction, which yields products with more potential energy than the reactants. The amount of energy stored in the products equals the difference between the potential energy in the reactants and that in the products.
Exocytosis
The movement of materials out of the cytoplasm of a cell by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.
Isotonic
Referring to a solution that, when surrounding a cell, has no effect on the passage of water into and out of the cell.
Induced Fit
The change in shape of the active site of an enzyme, caused by entry of the substrate, so that it binds more snugly to the substrate.
Diffusion
The spontaneous movement of a substance down its concentration gradient from where it is more concentrated to where it is less concentrated.
Metabolic Pathway
A series of chemical reactions that either builds a complex molecule or breaks down a complex molecule into simpler compounds.
