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The ability of a solution surrounding a cell to cause that cell to gain or lose water.
The energy that matter possesses because of its location or arrangement. Water behind a dam possesses potential energy, and so do chemical bonds.
A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by binding to the enzyme’s active site in place of the substrate.
Adenosine triposphate, the main energy source for cells.
A nonprotein molecule or ion that is required for the proper functioning of an enzyme.
The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane, with no expenditure of energy.
A transport protein in the plasma membrane of some plant or animal cells that facilitates the diffusion of water across the membrane (osmosis).
A property of biological membranes that allow some substances to cross more easily than others and blocks the passage of other substances altogether.
In cellular metabolism, the use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction.
The part of an enzyme molecule where a substrate molecule attaches (by means of weak chemical bonds); typically, a pocket or groove on the enzyme’s surface.
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Energy Coupling
In cellular metabolism, the use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction.
Selective Permeability
A property of biological membranes that allow some substances to cross more easily than others and blocks the passage of other substances altogether.
Cofactor
A nonprotein molecule or ion that is required for the proper functioning of an enzyme.
Tonicity
The ability of a solution surrounding a cell to cause that cell to gain or lose water.
Competitive Inhibitor
A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by binding to the enzyme’s active site in place of the substrate.
Aquaporin
A transport protein in the plasma membrane of some plant or animal cells that facilitates the diffusion of water across the membrane (osmosis).
ATP
Adenosine triposphate, the main energy source for cells.
Active Site
The part of an enzyme molecule where a substrate molecule attaches (by means of weak chemical bonds); typically, a pocket or groove on the enzyme’s surface.
Passive Transport
The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane, with no expenditure of energy.
