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Couplet: In poetry, a pair of lines with rhyming end words.

Quatrain: a stanza of four lines

Cinquain: A five line poetic form.

Octave: A stanza composed of 8 lines

End-Stopped: When there is a break at the end of a line, denoted by a comma, period, semicolon, or other punctuation mark

Enjambment: A technique in poetry whereby a sentence is carried over to the next line without pause.

Caesura: A pause or interruption in a poem.

Syllable: a single unit of sound in a word, consisting of a vowel sound with or without surrounding consonants.

Foot: a combination of stressed and unstressed syllables

Meter: The rhythm of a piece of poetry, determined by the number and length of feet in a line.

Iamb: A metrical foot in verse consisting of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable.

Trochee: A metrical foot in verse consisting of a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable.

Spondee: A word or metrical foot of two syllables, both stressed.

Pentameter: A line in a poem having five metrical feet.

Tetrameter: A line in a poem having four metrical feet.

Rhyme: The correspondence of sounds between different words

End rhyme: Rhymes at the end of a line

Internal Rhyme: The rhyming of two words within the same line of verse

Alliteration: The repetition of consonants at the beginning of two or more words immediately succeeding each other

Assonance: The repetition of similar or identical vowel sounds

Consonance: The repetition of consonant sounds, but not vowels as in assonance.

Onomatopoeia: The property of a word of sounding like what it represents.

Metaphor: A figure of speech that implies a comparison between two unlikely things.

Simile: A figure of speech in which one thing is compared to another, in the case of English generally using like or as.

Personification: The giving of human qualities to an animal,object or abstract idea

Hyperbole: Extreme exaggeration or overstatement; especially as a literary or rhetorical device.

Euphemism: The use of a word or phrase to replace another with one that is considered less offensive or less vulgar than the word or phrase it replaces.

Pun: A joke or type of wordplay in which similar senses or sounds of two words or phrases, or different senses of the same word, are deliberately confused.

Oxymoron: A figure of speech in which two words with opposing meanings are used together intentionally for effect.

Anaphora: The repetition of a phrase at the beginning of phrases, sentences, or verses, used for emphasis.

Allusion: An indirect reference; a hint; a reference to something supposed to be known, but not explicitly mentioned.

Sonnet: a fixed verse form of Italian origin consisting of fourteen lines that are typically five-foot iambics rhyming according to a prescribed scheme

Ode: Formal, often ceremonious lyric
poem that addresses (and often celebrates) a person, place, thing, or idea.

Haiku: A Japanese poem of a specific form, consisting of three lines, the first and last consisting of five morae, and the second consisting of seven morae, usually with an emphasis on the season or a naturalistic theme.

Villanelle: a type of poetry, consisting of five tercets and one quatrain, with only two rhymes.

Blank Verse: A poetic form with regular meter, particularly iambic pentameter, but no fixed rhyme scheme.

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