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Arrow_left - Unit 5 Cold War
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Cold War
intense economic, political, military, <br/>and ideological rivalry between<br/>nations, short of military conflict;<br/>sustained hostile political policies and<br/>an atmosphere of strain between<br/>opposed countries<br/>OR, a war with no fighting!<br/
Manhattan Project
this is what the U.S. called<br/>the secret plan to build the atomic bomb
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
U.S. dropped 1st bomb on August 6, 1945<br/>1. Hiroshima<br/>2. 75,000 killed immediately<br/>3. Thousands more died of radiation<br/> U.S. dropped 2nd bomb on August 14, 1945<br/>1. Nagasaki
Capitalism
Economic system based on a free market, open competition, profit motive and private ownership of the means of production
Communism
A theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or the state.
Harry S. Truman
Took over after FDR died<br/>Important decisions<br/>Drop atomic bombs United Nations
The United Nations
1st met April 12, 1944 (50 nations) in San Fran, Cali<br/>Similar to league of nations after WWI<br/>Us joins the UN<br/>Prevent another World War<br/>An attack on one is an attack on all
Joseph Stalin
Soviet political leader in the 20th century. Ruled soviet union often with extreme brutality from the death of Lenin. Abolished private ownership were followed by political purges
Arms Race
Arms race between US/SU<br/>occured throughout Cold War<br/>Guarantee security<br/>Competed to make the most and best weapons for the next 50 years
Truman Doctrine
Policy for the U.S. to provide military and economic aid to Greece and Turkey
Containment
U.S. wanted to contain communism. Stop it from spreading
Iron Curtain
Used by Winston Churchill in 1946 to describe the line of western influence and soviet zone.
Berlin Blockade
As Marshall plan helped tensions grew.<br/>S.U. felt threatened built blockade around W. Berlin
Marshall Plan
Economically aiding the European nations
Mao Zedong
Communist leader of China
NATO
Military alliance, safeguard freedom and security of its nations.
Warsaw Pact
Formed in 1955 communist countries, defense under a joint military command
2nd Red Scare
fear of communism
Joseph McCarthy
R-Wisconsin<br/>1. Accused many in US gov. of being Communist<br/>2. BIG LIST--Feb. 1950<br/>3. many feared him
Korean War
A conflict that lasted from 1950 to 1953<br/>between North Korea, aided by China, and South <br/>Korea, aided by United Nations forces consisting <br/>primarily of U.S. troops
General Douglas MacArthur
in charge of our <br/>troops during the Korean War
Sputnik
launched by SU<br/>1. 1st man-made satellite<br/>2. Oct. 4, 1957<br/>3. 3 months in orbit
NASA
the federal agency that institutes<br/>and administers the civilian programs of the U.S. government that deal with aeronautical research and<br/>the development of launch vehicles and spacecraft
Yuri Gagarin
1st person in space
John Glenn
1st person to orbit earth
Apollo 11
Space flight to moon
Great Debates
1. 4 televised debates<br/>2. Answer report questions--2 1/2 min.<br/>3. 70 million watched<br/>4. JFK--younger, poised, clever answers
Bay of Pigs
Cuba<br/>1. Leader was Fidel Castro<br/>a. At first, we supported him for <br/>overthrowing previous dictator<br/>b. He then announced he was a communist<br/>2. Eisenhower stopped all trade with Cuba<br/>3. Bay of Pigs invasion<br/> Anti-Castro Cuban
Nikita Khrushchev:
Soviet leader during the time of the Cuban Missile Crisis
Berlin Wall
built to separate East and West Berlin
Cuban Missile Crisis
A confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union in 1962<br/>over the presence of missile sites in Cuba; one of the “hottest” periods of the cold war. The Soviet premier, Nikita Khrushchev, placed Soviet military missiles in Cuba, which
Lee Harvey Oswald
man who shot President Kennedy
Warren Commision
group assigned to investigate the assassination of President Kennedy
Vietnam War
a conflict, starting in 1954 and ending in 1975, between South Vietnam (later<br/>aided by the U.S., South Korea, Australia, the Philippines, Thailand, and New Zealand) and the Vietcong and North Vietnam
Indochina
Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia
Ho Chi Minh
Communist leader of North Vietnam
Tet offensive
a massive attack by the North Vietnamese on a huge national holiday in 1968
Mikhail Gorbachev
Leader of the S.U. when it fell apart
Glastnost
New policy of openness, including freedom of speech and to criticize the government
Perestroika
changing the economy. People could now own land and factories