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First Amendment: Freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom to peacefully assemble, freedom to petition. This amendment isn't in effect during times of war. There are cases the government can deny freedoms.

Second Amendment: The right to bear arms, and to have a well regulated militia.

Third Amendment: Government can't force citizens to quarter soldiers in their homes during peace time.

Fourth Amendment: The government may not conduct unreasonable searches and seizures. Law enforcement must have probable cause and a search warrant that names the exact places to be searched and persons or things to be seized.

Fifth Amendment: A person can't be put on trial for a capital crime, or infamous crime unless the case is heard by a grand jury. Includes due process, eminent domain, double jeopardy, don't have to be a witness against yourself.

Sixth Amendment: Right to a fair, speedy, public trial, with a jury in all civil and criminal cases. The right to an attorney must be provided in all criminal trials.
Civil Law=Cases between multiple private citizens.
Criminal Law=Between citizen and government f

Seventh Amendment: A trial by jury may be allowed in civil cases dealing with property or money as long as the value in dispute is over 20 dollars. An appeals court can only overturn a jury trial's decision if they find that a legal error was made in the trial.

Eighth Amendment: Courts can't charge too high amount of bail to the accused. The accused is protected against cruel and unusual punishments.

Ninth Amendment: Citizens of the United States are entitled to other rights not stated in the Constitution.

Tenth Amendment: Powers not specifically given to the federal government in the Constitution belong to the states or people.

Miranda v. Arizona: Miranda Warning- No person accused of a crime may be forced to be a witness against him or herself, because in the eyes of a jury or court, it may make the accused look guilty.
Started in 1966, after Miranda v. Arizona. Police have to tell those accus

Gideon v. Wainwright: In this case, Florida denied the right to an attorney to Gideon, and Gideon filed a habeas corpus petition in the Florida Supreme Court. It was denied.

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Definitions from Wiktionary under the GNU FDL.
Sentences copyrighted by their respective publishers.
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