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All terms in this list:

atom: The smallest possible unit of substance

element: a chemical made up of atoms having the same number of protons

compound: a substance made up of two chemical elements bound together

ion: an atom with a positive or negative charge

ionic bond: a type of chemical bond that involves a transfer (gain or loss) of electrons

covalent bond: a type of chemical bond where two atoms share electrons

molecule: two or more atoms bound together

hydrogen bond: the type of bond between different water molecules in which the slightly positive hydrogen atom of one water molecule is attracted to the slightly negative oxygen of another water molecule

cohesion: water molecules attracting (or sticking) to other water molecules

adhesion: water molecules being attracted (or sticking) to other types of molecules

solution: a mixture of one substance dissolving into another

solvent: a liquid (such as water) that other substances can dissolve into

solute: a substance that dissolves into a solvent to create a solution

acid: a compound with a low pH, that turns pH paper a warm color, and has a sour taste

base: a compound with a high pH, that turns pH paper a cool color; example: cleaners

pH scale: measures how acidic or basic a solution is on a scale of 0 to 14

capillary action: the adhesion and cohesion of water together enable water to move against the force of gravity

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Definitions from Wiktionary under the GNU FDL.
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