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All terms in this list:

Methyl: The univalent hydrocarbon radical, CH3, formally derived from methane by the loss of a proton.

Ethyl: The univalent hydrocarbon radical, C2H5, formally derived from ethane by the loss of a proton

Phenyl: A univalent hydrocarbon radical (C6H5) formally derived from benzene by the removal of a hydrogen atom, and the basis of an immense number of aromatic derivatives.

Aldehyde (Carbonyl):

Ketone (Carbonyl):

Carboxyl: A univalent functional group consisting of a carbonyl and a hydroxyl functional group (-CO.OH); characteristic of carboxylic acids.

Hydroxyl: A univalent radical or functional group, (-OH), in organic chemistry; present in alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids and certain other classes of compounds

Enol: An organic compound containing a hydroxyl group bonded to a carbon atom, which is doubly bonded to another carbon atom.

Ether:

Ester: A compound most often formed by the condensation of an alcohol and an acid, with elimination of water. It contains the functional group carbon-oxygen double bond joined via carbon to another oxygen atom.

Acetyl: The univalent radical CH3CO- derived from acetic acid.

Anhydride: any compound formally derived from another (or from others) by the loss of a water molecule, especially acid anhydrides

Amino:

amido:

Imine: Any of a class of organic nitrogen compounds having the general formula R2C=NR; they are tautomeric with enamines.

Schiff base: an imine

Guanidinium: The cation derived from guanidine

Imidazole: A heterocyclic organic compound containing two nitrogen atoms separated by a carbon atom in a five-membered ring, called 1,3-diazole in w:IUPAC nomenclature.

Sulfhydryl: The univalent radical -SH that is the sulfur analogue of hydroxyl and constitutes the thiol group

Disulfide:

Thioester: Any of several classes of organic compound in which one or both oxygen atoms of an ester group are replaced by those of sulfur

Phosphoryl: the trivalent radical O=P≡

Phosphoanhydride: R'-O3-P=O-P-O-R

Mixed anhydride: carboxylic acid and phosphoric acid; also called acyl phosphate

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