All terms in this list:
valence electrons: electrons in the outermost energy level; they are involved in bond formation
structural formula: shows the number and types of atoms in a molecule and how they are arranged
single bond: a covalent bond in which one pair of electrons is shared
reactant: the starting materials for a reaction; found on left side of chemical equation
radioactive isotope: an unstable atom in which the nucleus decays (breaks down) releasing particles and energy
proton: subatomic particle having a positive charge; found in nucleus
product: ending materials of a reaction; found on right side of chemical equation
organic compound: substance made of two or more elements, one being carbon
nucleus: protons and neutrons together; make up the center of an atom
neutron: subatomic particle without a charge; found in nucleus
molecule: atoms that are held together by covalent bonds
matter: anything that occupies space and has mass
isotope: atoms having the same numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons
ionic bond: occurs when atoms transfer electrons to other atoms
ion: atoms that have lost or gained electrons
inorganic compound: substance made of two or more elements, none of which is carbon
element: a pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions
electron: subatomic particle having a negative charge; not in nucleus but surrounds it
double bond: a covalent bond in which four valence electrons are shared between two atoms
covalent bond: occurs when atoms share electrons
compound: substance containing two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio
chemical reaction: interaction of substances that lead to the formation of new substances
chemical reaction: indicates the formation of new substances from previous substances
chemical formula: indicates the number and types of atoms in a molecule
atomic number: identifies a specific element; equals the number of protons in an atom of each element
atom: the smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of the element
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