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Arrow_left - essential words for the toefl
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broad
wide
widely
- in a lot of different places or by a lot of people - widely read a) read by a lot of people: a widely read magazine b) having read many different books
persistent
Obstinately refusing to give up or let go......Insistently repetitive. مداوم مصر
firm
not likely to change.... firm favorite/offer/belief etc.... showing that you are not likely to change your answer ... be firm with somebody
spot
a particular place
flaw
A defect, fault, or imperfection, especially one that is hidden.
haphazard
random; incomplete; not thorough....happening or done in a way that is not planned or organized..... (in) a haphazard way/manner/fashion
arbiter
judge ....The European Court of Justice will be the final arbiter
arbitrary
Based on individual discretion or judgment; not based on any objective distinction, perhaps even made at random often unfairly
adverse
not good or favourable... have an adverse effect on ...... adverse conditions conditions that make it difficult for something to happen or exist
adversity
a situation in which you have a lot of problems that seem to be caused by bad luck...... The state of adverse conditions
adversary
An opponent, rival or enemy..... When he retired, he was replaced by his old adversary
opponent
- someone who you try to defeat in a competition, game, fight, or argument......- someone who disagrees with a plan, idea, or system and wants to try to stop or change it OPP proponent.... opponent of
objectionable
unpleasant and likely to offend people SYN offensive
associate
be associated (with somebody/something).... to be related to a particular subject, activity etc
appeal
if someone or something appeals to you, they seem attractive and interesting appealing: attractive or interesting OPP unappealing
autonomous
independent
objection
A statement expressing opposition, or a reason or cause for expressing opposition..... the act of opposing
oppose
To attempt to stop the progression of..... to object to موافق نبودن با چیزی مخالفت کردن
disrupt
to prevent something from continuing in its usual way by causing problems
interrupt
تو حرف کسی پریدن...... باعث توقف موقت کاری شدن
disturb
to interrupt someone so that they cannot continue what they are doing....... to make someone feel worried or upset
allot
to use a particular amount of time for something, or give a particular share of money, space etc to someone or something SYN allocate
acclaim
to praise someone or something publicly
acclamation
formal a loud expression of approval or welcome
abrupt
1. sudden and unexpected
restriction
a rule or law that limits or controls what people can do
restrict
to limit or control
tariff
a tax on goods coming into a country or going out of a country... (place) tariff on
musk
مشک نافه
scent
بو رایحه
gland
غده
penetrate
to enter something and pass or spread through it, especially when this is difficult نفوذ کردن در
penetrating
penetrating look/eyes/gaze etc a look etc which makes you feel uncomfortable and seems to see inside your mind نافذ........ a penetrating sound is loud, clear, and often unpleasant رسا
aphrodisiac
a fruit that is believed to have aphrodisiac properties
conceive
to think of a new idea, plan etc and develop it in your mind
cultivation
کشت زراعت
bold
COLOURS/SHAPES very strong or bright so that you notice them:
predator
an animal that kills and eats other animals
cryptic
Having hidden meaning.
cognitive
related to the process of knowing, understanding, and learning something: cognitive psychology
approach
a method of doing something or dealing with a problem... approach to
therapy
درمان معالجه
assume
to think that something is true, although you do not have definite proof SYN presume assume (that)
irrational
not based on clear thought or reason SYN unreasonable OPP rational, reasonable # غیر منطقی # نامعقول
perception
the way you think about something and your idea of what it is like perception of # درک
interpret
# تفسیر کردن to believe that something someone does or something that happens has a particular meaning.... interpret something as something
perceive
to understand or think of something or someone in a particular way