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- MCAT Physics
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fluorescence
occurs when certain atoms or molecules absorb light at a particular wavelength and, after a very brief time interval, emit light at longer wavelengths.
The light that is absorbed is typically UV light (high frequency/ smaller wavelength), whereas the emi
nucleon
One of the subatomic particles of the atomic nucleus (a proton or a neutron).
Newton's second law
Newton's observation that the rate of change of the momentum of a body is directly proportional to, and in the same direction as, the net force acting on it. F = ma
Newton's third law
Newton's observation that to every action (force applied) there is an equal but opposite reaction (equal force applied in the opposite direction)
momentum
(of a body in motion) the product of its mass and velocity.
torque
A rotational or twisting effect of a force; a moment of force. It is measured as an equivalent straight line force multiplied by the distance from the axis of rotation --> so it's a vector quantity with SI units of newton · meter (N · m)
half-life
The time required for half of the nuclei in a sample of a specific isotope to undergo radioactive decay; The length of time necessary for one half of a given amount of a substance to decay.
rotational equilibrium
when the sum of torques or rotational forces about any point is equal to zero
equilibrium
the condition in which the sum of all forces acting on an object is equal to zero and the object is balanced
acceleration
Forces cause _____ of an object in the direction of the force
positive
torque is ___ if the force causes a counterclockwise rotation
negative
torque is ____ if the force causes a clockwise rotation
lever arm
τ = Fr sinθ; θ = the angle between the direction of the force and the direction of the ____
translational motion
the motion of an object caused by forces exerted in the direction of motion
power
the rate at which work is done by a force
watt
SI unit for power
impulse
The change in momentum (I); is related to the impact force acting to speed up or slow down the object multiplied by the time interval during which this force acts.